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Skill v1.0.0

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PublishedOctober 23, 2026 at 08:19 PM
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name: instructor description: Structured LLM outputs with Instructor — Pydantic models as response schemas for OpenAI, Anthropic, and any OpenAI-compatible API. version: 1.0.0 author: hermes-CCC (ported from Hermes Agent by NousResearch) license: MIT metadata: hermes: tags: [MLOps, Instructor, Structured-Output, Pydantic, LLM, Extraction] related_skills: [vllm]


Instructor — Structured LLM Outputs

Get type-safe, validated Pydantic objects from any LLM instead of raw strings.

Setup

bash
pip install instructor pydantic
pip install anthropic # or openai

Basic Usage (Anthropic)

python
import anthropic
import instructor
from pydantic import BaseModel
client = instructor.from_anthropic(anthropic.Anthropic())
class UserProfile(BaseModel):
name: str
age: int
skills: list[str]
experience_years: int
profile = client.messages.create(
model="claude-sonnet-4-6",
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[{
"role": "user",
"content": "Extract: John is a 32-year-old Python developer with 8 years experience in ML and DevOps."
}],
response_model=UserProfile,
)
print(profile.name) # "John"
print(profile.age) # 32
print(profile.skills) # ["Python", "ML", "DevOps"]
print(profile.experience_years) # 8

With OpenAI

python
import openai
import instructor
client = instructor.from_openai(openai.OpenAI())
result = client.chat.completions.create(
model="gpt-4o",
messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "..."}],
response_model=UserProfile,
)

Nested Models

python
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
from typing import Optional
class Address(BaseModel):
street: str
city: str
country: str
class Company(BaseModel):
name: str
industry: str
founded_year: int
headquarters: Address
employee_count: Optional[int] = None
class ResearchPaper(BaseModel):
title: str
authors: list[str]
abstract: str
key_findings: list[str] = Field(description="3-5 bullet points")
methodology: str
year: int

Validation with Pydantic

python
from pydantic import BaseModel, field_validator, Field
class SentimentAnalysis(BaseModel):
sentiment: str = Field(description="positive, negative, or neutral")
confidence: float = Field(ge=0, le=1)
reasoning: str
@field_validator("sentiment")
def validate_sentiment(cls, v):
if v not in ["positive", "negative", "neutral"]:
raise ValueError("Must be positive, negative, or neutral")
return v

Streaming Partial Objects

python
from instructor import Partial
for partial_profile in client.messages.stream(
model="claude-sonnet-4-6",
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "..."}],
response_model=Partial[UserProfile],
):
print(partial_profile) # updates as tokens arrive

Batch Extraction

python
from typing import Iterable
class Contact(BaseModel):
name: str
email: str
phone: Optional[str]
# Extract multiple contacts from one text
class ContactList(BaseModel):
contacts: list[Contact]
text = """
Alice: alice@example.com, 555-1234
Bob: bob@example.com
Carol: carol@example.com, 555-5678
"""
result = client.messages.create(
model="claude-haiku-4-5",
max_tokens=512,
messages=[{"role": "user", "content": f"Extract contacts:\n{text}"}],
response_model=ContactList,
)
for contact in result.contacts:
print(contact.name, contact.email)

With vLLM / Local Models

python
client = instructor.from_openai(
openai.OpenAI(
base_url="http://localhost:8000/v1",
api_key="not-needed"
),
mode=instructor.Mode.JSON,
)

Use Cases

  • Entity extraction from documents
  • Structured data from unstructured text
  • Classification with confidence scores
  • RAG with typed outputs
  • Form filling automation
  • API response parsing
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