astronomer/agents/cosmos-dbt-core

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Turns a dbt Core project into an Airflow DAG/TaskGroup using Astronomer Cosmos. Use turning a dbt Core project into an Airflow DAG or TaskGroup with Astronomer Cosmos. Before implementing, verify dbt engine, warehouse, Airflow version, execution environment, DAG vs TaskGroup, and manifest availability.

Install

npx vskill@latest install astronomer/agents/cosmos-dbt-core

SKILL.md

Cosmos + dbt Core: Implementation Checklist

Execute steps in order. Prefer the simplest configuration that meets the user's constraints.

Version note: This skill targets Cosmos 1.11+ and Airflow 3.x. If the user is on Airflow 2.x, adjust imports accordingly (see Appendix A).
Reference: Latest stable: https://pypi.org/project/astronomer-cosmos/
Before starting, confirm: (1) dbt engine = Core (not Fusion → use cosmos-dbt-fusion), (2) warehouse type, (3) Airflow version, (4) execution environment (Airflow env / venv / container), (5) DbtDag vs DbtTaskGroup vs individual operators, (6) manifest availability.

1. Configure Project (ProjectConfig)

ApproachWhen to useRequired param
Project pathFiles available locallydbt_project_path
Manifest onlydbt_manifest loadmanifest_path + project_name
python
from cosmos import ProjectConfig
_project_config = ProjectConfig(
dbt_project_path="/path/to/dbt/project",
# manifest_path="/path/to/manifest.json", # for dbt_manifest load mode
# project_name="my_project", # if using manifest_path without dbt_project_path
# install_dbt_deps=False, # if deps precomputed in CI
)

2. Choose Parsing Strategy (RenderConfig)

Pick ONE load mode based on constraints:

Load modeWhen to useRequired inputsConstraints
dbt_manifestLarge projects; containerized execution; fastestProjectConfig.manifest_pathRemote manifest needs manifest_conn_id
dbt_lsComplex selectors; need dbt-native selectiondbt installed OR dbt_executable_pathCan also be used with containerized execution
dbt_ls_filedbt_ls selection without running dbt_ls every parseRenderConfig.dbt_ls_pathselect/exclude won't work
automatic (default)Simple setups; let Cosmos pick(none)Falls back: manifest → dbt_ls → custom
CRITICAL: Containerized execution (DOCKER/KUBERNETES/etc.)
python
from cosmos import RenderConfig, LoadMode
_render_config = RenderConfig(
load_method=LoadMode.DBT_MANIFEST, # or DBT_LS, DBT_LS_FILE, AUTOMATIC
)

3. Choose Execution Mode (ExecutionConfig)

Reference: See [reference/cosmos-config.md](reference/cosmos-config.md#execution-modes-executionconfig) for detailed configuration examples per mode.

Pick ONE execution mode:

Execution modeWhen to useSpeedRequired setup
WATCHERFastest; single dbt build visibilityFastestdbt adapter in env OR dbt_executable_path or dbt Fusion
WATCHER_KUBERNETESFastest isolated method; single dbt build visibilityFastdbt installed in container
LOCAL + DBT_RUNNERdbt + adapter in the same Python installation as AirflowFastdbt 1.5+ in requirements.txt
LOCAL + SUBPROCESSdbt + adapter available in the Airflow deployment, in an isolated Python installationMediumdbt_executable_path
AIRFLOW_ASYNCBigQuery + long-running transformsFastAirflow ≥2.8; provider deps
KUBERNETESIsolation between Airflow and dbtMediumAirflow ≥2.8; provider deps
VIRTUALENVCan't modify image; runtime venvSlowerpy_requirements in operator_args
Other containerized approachesSupport Airflow and dbt isolationMediumcontainer config
python
from cosmos import ExecutionConfig, ExecutionMode
_execution_config = ExecutionConfig(
execution_mode=ExecutionMode.WATCHER, # or LOCAL, VIRTUALENV, AIRFLOW_ASYNC, KUBERNETES, etc.
)

4. Configure Warehouse Connection (ProfileConfig)

Reference: See [reference/cosmos-config.md](reference/cosmos-config.md#profileconfig-warehouse-connection) for detailed ProfileConfig options and all ProfileMapping classes.
Option A: Airflow Connection + ProfileMapping (Recommended)
python
from cosmos import ProfileConfig
from cosmos.profiles import SnowflakeUserPasswordProfileMapping
_profile_config = ProfileConfig(
profile_name="default",
target_name="dev",
profile_mapping=SnowflakeUserPasswordProfileMapping(
conn_id="snowflake_default",
profile_args={"schema": "my_schema"},
),
)
Option B: Existing profiles.yml
CRITICAL: Do not hardcode secrets; use environment variables.
python
from cosmos import ProfileConfig
_profile_config = ProfileConfig(
profile_name="my_profile",
target_name="dev",
profiles_yml_filepath="/path/to/profiles.yml",
)

5. Configure Testing Behavior (RenderConfig)

Reference: See [reference/cosmos-config.md](reference/cosmos-config.md#testing-behavior-renderconfig) for detailed testing options.
TestBehaviorBehavior
AFTER_EACH (default)Tests run immediately after each model (default)
BUILDCombine run + test into single dbt build
AFTER_ALLAll tests after all models complete
NONESkip tests
python
from cosmos import RenderConfig, TestBehavior
_render_config = RenderConfig(
test_behavior=TestBehavior.AFTER_EACH,
)

6. Configure operator_args

Reference: See [reference/cosmos-config.md](reference/cosmos-config.md#operator_args-configuration) for detailed operator_args options.
python
_operator_args = {
# BaseOperator params
"retries": 3,
# Cosmos-specific params
"install_deps": False,
"full_refresh": False,
"quiet": True,
# Runtime dbt vars (XCom / params)
"vars": '{"my_var": "{{ ti.xcom_pull(task_ids=\'pre_dbt\') }}"}',
}

7. Assemble DAG / TaskGroup

Option A: DbtDag (Standalone)
python
from cosmos import DbtDag, ProjectConfig, ProfileConfig, ExecutionConfig, RenderConfig
from cosmos.profiles import SnowflakeUserPasswordProfileMapping
from pendulum import datetime
_project_config = ProjectConfig(
dbt_project_path="/usr/local/airflow/dbt/my_project",
)
_profile_config = ProfileConfig(
profile_name="default",
target_name="dev",
profile_mapping=SnowflakeUserPasswordProfileMapping(
conn_id="snowflake_default",
),
)
_execution_config = ExecutionConfig()
_render_config = RenderConfig()
my_cosmos_dag = DbtDag(
dag_id="my_cosmos_dag",
project_config=_project_config,
profile_config=_profile_config,
execution_config=_execution_config,
render_config=_render_config,
operator_args={},
start_date=datetime(2025, 1, 1),
schedule="@daily",
)
Option B: DbtTaskGroup (Inside Existing DAG)
python
from airflow.sdk import dag, task # Airflow 3.x
# from airflow.decorators import dag, task # Airflow 2.x
from airflow.models.baseoperator import chain
from cosmos import DbtTaskGroup, ProjectConfig, ProfileConfig, ExecutionConfig, RenderConfig
from pendulum import datetime
_project_config = ProjectConfig(dbt_project_path="/usr/local/airflow/dbt/my_project")
_profile_config = ProfileConfig(profile_name="default", target_name="dev")
_execution_config = ExecutionConfig()
_render_config = RenderConfig()
@dag(start_date=datetime(2025, 1, 1), schedule="@daily")
def my_dag():
@task
def pre_dbt():
return "some_value"
dbt = DbtTaskGroup(
group_id="dbt_project",
project_config=_project_config,
profile_config=_profile_config,
execution_config=_execution_config,
render_config=_render_config,
)
@task
def post_dbt():
pass
chain(pre_dbt(), dbt, post_dbt())
my_dag()
Option C: Use Cosmos operators directly
python
import os
from datetime import datetime
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any
from airflow import DAG
try:
from airflow.providers.standard.operators.python import PythonOperator
except ImportError:
from airflow.operators.python import PythonOperator
from cosmos import DbtCloneLocalOperator, DbtRunLocalOperator, DbtSeedLocalOperator, ProfileConfig
from cosmos.io import upload_to_aws_s3
DEFAULT_DBT_ROOT_PATH = Path(__file__).parent / "dbt"
DBT_ROOT_PATH = Path(os.getenv("DBT_ROOT_PATH", DEFAULT_DBT_ROOT_PATH))
DBT_PROJ_DIR = DBT_ROOT_PATH / "jaffle_shop"
DBT_PROFILE_PATH = DBT_PROJ_DIR / "profiles.yml"
DBT_ARTIFACT = DBT_PROJ_DIR / "target"
profile_config = ProfileConfig(
profile_name="default",
target_name="dev",
profiles_yml_filepath=DBT_PROFILE_PATH,
)
def check_s3_file(bucket_name: str, file_key: str, aws_conn_id: str = "aws_default", **context: Any) -> bool:
"""Check if a file exists in the given S3 bucket."""
from airflow.providers.amazon.aws.hooks.s3 import S3Hook
s3_key = f"{context['dag'].dag_id}/{context['run_id']}/seed/0/{file_key}"
print(f"Checking if file {s3_key} exists in S3 bucket...")
hook = S3Hook(aws_conn_id=aws_conn_id)
return hook.check_for_key(key=s3_key, bucket_name=bucket_name)
with DAG("example_operators", start_date=datetime(2024, 1, 1), catchup=False) as dag:
seed_operator = DbtSeedLocalOperator(
profile_config=profile_config,
project_dir=DBT_PROJ_DIR,
task_id="seed",
dbt_cmd_flags=["--select", "raw_customers"],
install_deps=True,
append_env=True,
)
check_file_uploaded_task = PythonOperator(
task_id="check_file_uploaded_task",
python_callable=check_s3_file,
op_kwargs={
"aws_conn_id": "aws_s3_conn",
"bucket_name": "cosmos-artifacts-upload",
"file_key": "target/run_results.json",
},
)
run_operator = DbtRunLocalOperator(
profile_config=profile_config,
project_dir=DBT_PROJ_DIR,
task_id="run",
dbt_cmd_flags=["--models", "stg_customers"],
install_deps=True,
append_env=True,
)
clone_operator = DbtCloneLocalOperator(
profile_config=profile_config,
project_dir=DBT_PROJ_DIR,
task_id="clone",
dbt_cmd_flags=["--models", "stg_customers", "--state", DBT_ARTIFACT],
install_deps=True,
append_env=True,
)
seed_operator >> run_operator >> clone_operator
seed_operator >> check_file_uploaded_task
Setting Dependencies on Individual Cosmos Tasks
python
from cosmos import DbtDag, DbtResourceType
from airflow.sdk import task, chain
with DbtDag(...) as dag:
@task
def upstream_task():
pass
_upstream = upstream_task()
for unique_id, dbt_node in dag.dbt_graph.filtered_nodes.items():
if dbt_node.resource_type == DbtResourceType.SEED:
my_dbt_task = dag.tasks_map[unique_id]
chain(_upstream, my_dbt_task)

8. Safety Checks

Before finalizing, verify:

  • [ ] Execution mode matches constraints (AIRFLOW_ASYNC → BigQuery only)
  • [ ] Warehouse adapter installed for chosen execution mode
  • [ ] Secrets via Airflow connections or env vars, NOT plaintext
  • [ ] Load mode matches execution (complex selectors → dbt_ls)
  • [ ] Airflow 3 asset URIs if downstream DAGs scheduled on Cosmos assets (see Appendix A)

Appendix A: Airflow 3 Compatibility

Import Differences
Airflow 3.xAirflow 2.x
from airflow.sdk import dag, taskfrom airflow.decorators import dag, task
from airflow.sdk import chainfrom airflow.models.baseoperator import chain
Asset/Dataset URI Format Change

Cosmos ≤1.9 (Airflow 2 Datasets):

postgres://0.0.0.0:5434/postgres.public.orders

Cosmos ≥1.10 (Airflow 3 Assets):

postgres://0.0.0.0:5434/postgres/public/orders
CRITICAL: Update asset URIs when upgrading to Airflow 3.

Appendix B: Operational Extras

Caching

Cosmos caches artifacts to speed up parsing. Enabled by default.

Reference: https://astronomer.github.io/astronomer-cosmos/configuration/caching.html

Memory-Optimized Imports

This is the start of the file. Read the full SKILL.md on GitHub.

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