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version: "1.0.1" name: azure-virtual-wan description: Expert knowledge for Azure Virtual WAN development including troubleshooting, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. Use when designing Virtual WAN hubs, P2S VPN, hub routing/BGP, NVAs/SD‑WAN, or ExpressRoute/Private Link integration, and other Azure Virtual WAN related development tasks. Not for Azure Virtual Network (use azure-virtual-network), Azure VPN Gateway (use azure-vpn-gateway), Azure ExpressRoute (use azure-expressroute), Azure Traffic Manager (use azure-traffic-manager). compatibility: Requires network access. Uses mcp_microsoftdocs:microsoft_docs_fetch or fetch_webpage to retrieve documentation. metadata: generated_at: "2026-06-28" generator: "docs2skills/1.0.0"

Azure Virtual WAN Skill

This skill provides expert guidance for Azure Virtual WAN. Covers troubleshooting, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. It combines local quick-reference content with remote documentation fetching capabilities.

How to Use This Skill

IMPORTANT for Agent: Use the Category Index below to locate relevant sections. For categories with line ranges (e.g., L35-L120), use read_file with the specified lines. For categories with file links (e.g., [security.md](security.md)), use read_file on the linked reference file

IMPORTANT for Agent: If metadata.generated_at is more than 3 months old, suggest the user pull the latest version from the repository. If mcp_microsoftdocs tools are not available, suggest the user install it: Installation Guide

This skill requires network access to fetch documentation content:

Preferred: Use mcp_microsoftdocs:microsoft_docs_fetch with query string from=learn-agent-skill. Returns Markdown.
Fallback: Use fetch_webpage with query string from=learn-agent-skill&accept=text/markdown. Returns Markdown.

Category Index

Category	Lines	Description
Troubleshooting	L36-L41	Diagnosing and fixing Virtual WAN issues, including P2S VPN client prerequisite checks, connectivity problems, and using built-in tools and diagnostics for troubleshooting.
Decision Making	L42-L50	Guidance on planning and choosing Virtual WAN designs: NVAs in hubs, VPN client migrations, upgrading Basic→Standard, and selecting partners and hub locations.
Architecture & Design Patterns	L51-L78	Designing and troubleshooting Azure Virtual WAN architectures: routing patterns, hub-and-spoke and global transit designs, security/firewall integration, SD-WAN, isolation, DR, and Microsoft 365 connectivity.
Limits & Quotas	L79-L85	Limits and design guidance for Virtual WAN: P2S client pool sizing, hub routing/throughput caps, and using Private Link endpoints within scale and quota constraints.
Security	L86-L95	Configuring secure P2S VPN access in Virtual WAN using Microsoft Entra ID (MFA, OpenVPN, custom app IDs), Azure VPN Client setup/migration, and hub roles/permissions.
Configuration	L96-L150	Configuring Azure Virtual WAN hubs, routing, BGP/NVA integration, VPN (P2S/Always On), IPsec/NAT, Entra ID auth, certificates, client profiles, and monitoring/logging.
Integrations & Coding Patterns	L151-L157	PowerShell and automation patterns for integrating Virtual WAN with ExpressRoute, SD-WAN/VPN CPEs, RADIUS user groups, and sharing services via Azure Private Link
Deployment	L158-L162	PowerShell-based deployment of cross-tenant VNet connections to Virtual WAN hubs and step-by-step setup of integrated NVAs inside Virtual WAN hubs.

Troubleshooting

Topic	URL
Use Azure VPN Client prerequisites check for P2S	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/azure-vpn-client-prerequisites-check
Troubleshooting tools and diagnostics for Azure Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-troubleshooting-overview

Decision Making

Topic	URL
Use Network Virtual Appliances in a Virtual WAN hub	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/about-nva-hub
Plan migration from Azure VPN Client for Linux	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/azure-vpn-client-linux-retirement
Migrate P2S VPN clients to Microsoft-registered Entra app	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/point-to-site-entra-gateway-update
Decide and perform upgrade from Basic to Standard Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/upgrade-virtual-wan
Select Azure Virtual WAN partners and hub locations	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-locations-partners

Architecture & Design Patterns

Topic	URL
Routing intent patterns to secure internet access	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/about-internet-routing
Choose routing preference in Azure Virtual WAN hubs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/about-virtual-hub-routing-preference
Design disaster recovery architecture for Azure Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/disaster-recovery-design
Design selective Azure Firewall bypass in secure hubs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/firewall-custom-bypass
Combine Azure Firewall and spoke NVAs with static routing	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/hybrid-firewall-spoke-static
Route traffic to indirect spokes with Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/indirect-spoke-architecture
Architect China interconnect using Virtual WAN secured hubs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/interconnect-china
Migrate hub-and-spoke networks to Azure Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/migrate-from-hub-spoke-topology
Deep dive into Azure Virtual WAN routing behavior	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/routing-deep-dive
Use routing intent with static routes in Azure Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/routing-intent-static-route
Connect Microsoft 365 via ExpressRoute private peering in Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/scenario-365-expressroute-private
Implement any-to-any routing with Virtual WAN hubs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/scenario-any-to-any
Configure BGP peering with Azure Virtual WAN hubs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/scenario-bgp-peering-hub
Design Virtual WAN routing to isolate VNets	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/scenario-isolate-vnets
Configure custom VNet isolation with Virtual WAN routing	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/scenario-isolate-vnets-custom
Secure Application Gateway traffic via Virtual WAN secured hub	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/scenario-secured-hub-app-gateway
Route to shared services VNets using Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/scenario-shared-services-vnet
Integrate private SD-WAN with Azure Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/sd-wan-connectivity-architecture
Inspect north-south traffic with spoke NVAs in Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/spoke-inspection-north-south
Design static routing patterns in Azure Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/static-routes
Route Virtual WAN traffic through Azure Firewall	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/static-routes-firewall-basic
Select third-party integrations in Virtual WAN hubs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/third-party-integrations
Choose connectivity options between Azure Virtual WANs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-connectivity
Design global transit network architecture with Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-global-transit-network-architecture

Limits & Quotas

Topic	URL
Plan P2S client address pools and scale for Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/about-client-address-pools
Virtual hub routing capabilities and throughput limits	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/about-virtual-hub-routing
Configure Azure Virtual WAN Private Link endpoints	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/howto-private-link

Security

Topic	URL
Secure P2S client access to spoke VNets with Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/manage-secure-access-resources-spoke-p2s
Enable Microsoft Entra multifactor authentication for VPN users	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/openvpn-azure-ad-mfa
Configure a Microsoft Entra tenant for Virtual WAN P2S OpenVPN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/openvpn-azure-ad-tenant
Configure Entra-based OpenVPN auth with multiple apps	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/openvpn-azure-ad-tenant-multi-app
Configure Azure VPN Client for P2S with Microsoft Entra ID	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/point-to-site-entra-vpn-client-windows
Assign roles and permissions for Azure Virtual WAN hubs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/roles-permissions

Configuration

Topic	URL
Work with Azure Virtual WAN User VPN client profiles	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/about-vpn-profile-download
Configure optional Azure VPN Client OpenVPN settings	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/azure-vpn-client-optional-configurations
Generate P2S User VPN certificates using PowerShell	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/certificates-point-to-site
Generate P2S User VPN certificates using MakeCert	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/certificates-point-to-site-makecert
Configure BGP peering to NVA in Virtual WAN hub	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/create-bgp-peering-hub-portal
Configure BGP peering from Virtual WAN hub to NVA (PowerShell)	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/create-bgp-peering-hub-powershell
View effective routes for a Virtual WAN hub	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/effective-routes-virtual-hub
Configure and understand Virtual WAN gateway settings	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/gateway-settings
Configure forced tunneling for Virtual WAN P2S VPN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/how-to-forced-tunnel
Manage IP configurations for NVAs in Virtual WAN hubs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/how-to-network-virtual-appliance-add-ip-configurations
Configure DNAT for Virtual WAN integrated NVAs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/how-to-network-virtual-appliance-inbound
Configure Palo Alto Cloud NGFW in Azure Virtual WAN hub	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/how-to-palo-alto-cloud-ngfw
Configure Virtual WAN hub routing policies (intent)	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/how-to-routing-policies
Configure Azure Virtual WAN virtual hub routing	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/how-to-virtual-hub-routing
Configure virtual hub routing with Azure PowerShell	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/how-to-virtual-hub-routing-powershell
Set virtual hub routing preference with PowerShell	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/how-to-virtual-hub-routing-preference-powershell
Configure Always On VPN device tunnel for Azure Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/howto-always-on-device-tunnel
Configure Always On VPN user tunnel for Azure Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/howto-always-on-user-tunnel
Configure Azure Firewall in a Virtual WAN secured hub	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/howto-firewall
Set virtual hub routing preference in Azure portal	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/howto-virtual-hub-routing-preference
Configure Azure Virtual WAN hub settings and scale units	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/hub-settings
Reference monitoring metrics and logs for Azure Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/monitor-virtual-wan-reference
Configure VPN NAT rules on Azure Virtual WAN gateways	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/nat-rules-vpn-gateway
Configure VPN NAT rules for Virtual WAN using PowerShell	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/nat-rules-vpn-gateway-powershell
Use next hop IP and BGP peering in Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/next-hop-ip
Configure Azure path selection across multiple WAN links	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/path-selection-multiple-links
Manage Virtual WAN VPN gateway root certificate migration	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/point-to-site-about-gateway-certificate-migration
Generate P2S User VPN certificates on Linux with OpenSSL	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/point-to-site-certificates-linux-openssl
Generate P2S User VPN certificates on Linux with strongSwan	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/point-to-site-certificates-linux-strongswan
Configure Virtual WAN P2S VPN with Entra ID and registered client	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/point-to-site-entra-gateway
Configure custom Entra app ID for P2S VPN authentication	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/point-to-site-entra-register-custom-app
Configure Azure VPN Client with Entra ID on Linux	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/point-to-site-entra-vpn-client-linux
Configure Azure VPN Client with Entra ID on macOS	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/point-to-site-entra-vpn-client-mac
Reference IPsec policy combinations for Virtual WAN P2S	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/point-to-site-ipsec
Configure P2S VPN address pools with PowerShell in Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/point-to-site-user-groups-powershell
Understand and configure Virtual WAN Route-maps	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/route-maps-about
Drop inbound branch routes with Virtual WAN Route-maps	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/route-maps-drop-inbound-branch-sites
Configure Route-maps for Azure Virtual WAN hubs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/route-maps-how-to
Summarize routes leaving Virtual WAN using Route-maps	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/route-maps-how-to-summarize-routes-leaving-your-virtual-wan
Prepend routes using Virtual WAN Route-maps	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/route-maps-prepend-routes
Summarize NVA spoke routes with Virtual WAN Route-maps	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/route-maps-summarize-from-device-spoke-vnet-nva
Tag routes using Virtual WAN Route-maps	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/route-maps-tag-routes
Understand user groups and IP pools for P2S VPN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/user-groups-about
Configure P2S VPN user groups and IP pools in Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/user-groups-create
Configure custom IPsec policies for Virtual WAN in the portal	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-custom-ipsec-portal
Reference IPsec policy combinations for Azure Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-ipsec
Configure Virtual WAN P2S with Entra ID auth	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-point-to-site-azure-ad
Create virtual hub route tables to NVAs via PowerShell	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-route-table-nva
Create virtual hub route tables to NVAs via portal	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-route-table-nva-portal
Configure IPsec over ExpressRoute in Azure Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/vpn-over-expressroute
Create Intune custom profiles for Azure VPN clients	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/vpn-profile-intune

Integrations & Coding Patterns

Topic	URL
Create ExpressRoute associations to Virtual WAN via PowerShell	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/expressroute-powershell
Configure RADIUS VSAs for Virtual WAN user groups	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/user-groups-radius
Automate SD-WAN and VPN CPE integration with Virtual WAN	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/virtual-wan-configure-automation-providers

Deployment

Topic	URL
Connect cross-tenant VNets to Virtual WAN hubs with PowerShell	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/cross-tenant-vnet
Deploy an integrated NVA in an Azure Virtual WAN hub	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-wan/how-to-nva-hub

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