# Linux (apt)
sudo apt-get install wget apt-transport-https gnupg lsb-release
wget -qO - https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy-repo/deb/public.key | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/trivy.gpg > /dev/null
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/trivy.gpg] https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy-repo/deb $(lsb_release -sc) main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/trivy.list
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install trivy
 
# macOS
brew install trivy
 
# Docker
docker pull aquasecurity/trivy:latest

# Scan a public image
trivy image python:3.12-slim
 
# Scan with severity filter
trivy image --severity CRITICAL,HIGH nginx:latest
 
# Ignore unfixed vulnerabilities
trivy image --ignore-unfixed alpine:3.19
 
# Scan local image
docker build -t myapp:latest .
trivy image myapp:latest
 
# Scan from tar archive
docker save myapp:latest -o myapp.tar
trivy image --input myapp.tar

# All scanners (vuln + misconfig + secret + license)
trivy image --scanners vuln,misconfig,secret,license myapp:latest
 
# Generate SBOM in CycloneDX format
trivy image --format cyclonedx --output sbom.cdx.json myapp:latest
 
# Generate SBOM in SPDX format
trivy image --format spdx-json --output sbom.spdx.json myapp:latest
 
# JSON output for programmatic processing
trivy image --format json --output results.json myapp:latest
 
# SARIF output for GitHub Security tab
trivy image --format sarif --output results.sarif myapp:latest
 
# Template-based output
trivy image --format template --template "@contrib/html.tpl" --output report.html myapp:latest
 
# Scan specific layers only
trivy image --list-all-pkgs myapp:latest

# Scan Dockerfile for misconfigurations
trivy config Dockerfile
 
# Scan Kubernetes manifests
trivy config k8s-deployment.yaml
 
# Scan Helm charts
trivy config ./helm-chart/
 
# Scan Terraform files
trivy config ./terraform/

# GitHub Actions
name: Trivy Container Scan
on: push
 
jobs:
  scan:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
      - name: Build image
        run: docker build -t myapp:${{ github.sha }} .
 
      - name: Run Trivy vulnerability scanner
        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@master
        with:
          image-ref: myapp:${{ github.sha }}
          format: sarif
          output: trivy-results.sarif
          severity: CRITICAL,HIGH
          exit-code: 1
 
      - name: Upload Trivy scan results
        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@v3
        if: always()
        with:
          sarif_file: trivy-results.sarif
 
      - name: Generate SBOM
        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@master
        with:
          image-ref: myapp:${{ github.sha }}
          format: cyclonedx
          output: sbom.cdx.json

# GitLab CI
trivy-scan:
  stage: security
  image:
    name: aquasecurity/trivy:latest
    entrypoint: [""]
  script:
    - trivy image --exit-code 1 --severity CRITICAL,HIGH
        --format json --output gl-container-scanning-report.json
        $CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE:$CI_COMMIT_SHA
  artifacts:
    reports:
      container_scanning: gl-container-scanning-report.json

# .trivyignore - Ignore specific CVEs with expiry
# Accepted risk: low-impact vulnerability in dev dependency
CVE-2023-12345 exp:2025-06-01
 
# False positive: not exploitable in our configuration
CVE-2024-67890
 
# Vendor will not fix
CVE-2023-11111

# Docker Hub (uses ~/.docker/config.json)
trivy image myregistry.azurecr.io/myapp:latest
 
# ECR
aws ecr get-login-password --region us-east-1 | docker login --username AWS --password-stdin <account>.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com
trivy image <account>.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/myapp:latest
 
# GCR
trivy image gcr.io/my-project/myapp:latest
 
# With explicit credentials
TRIVY_USERNAME=user TRIVY_PASSWORD=pass trivy image registry.example.com/myapp:latest

# Verify Trivy installation
trivy version
 
# Update vulnerability database
trivy image --download-db-only
 
# Quick scan with table output
trivy image --severity CRITICAL python:3.12
 
# Verify no CRITICAL vulnerabilities
trivy image --exit-code 1 --severity CRITICAL myapp:latest
echo "Exit code: $?"  # 0 = no vulns, 1 = vulns found