porcupine-md/jonggrang/debugging-systematically

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Systematic debugging methodology. Reproduce → Isolate → Hypothesize → Verify → Fix → Confirm.

Install

npx vskill@latest install porcupine-md/jonggrang/debugging-systematically

SKILL.md

The 6-Step Debugging Protocol

Step 1: Reproduce Reliably

Before anything else, make the bug reproducible.

bash
# Write a failing test that reproduces the bug
it('reproduces bug #123', async () => {
// The exact scenario that causes the bug
const result = await service.doThing(buggyInput);
expect(result).toBe(expectedValue); // This fails currently
});

If you can't write a reproducible test, you don't understand the bug yet.

Step 2: Read the Error

Read the FULL error message + stack trace. Most bugs tell you exactly where they are.

Checklist:

  • What file and line number?
  • What was the actual value vs expected?
  • Is there an inner error wrapped in the outer one?
Step 3: Narrow the Scope (Binary Search)
Full system broken?
→ Is it the database connection or the business logic?
→ Is it in the controller or the service?
→ Is it in the query or the parsing?

Add console.log / breakpoints to establish:

  • What inputs enter the broken function?
  • What does the function actually return?
Step 4: Form a Hypothesis

State your hypothesis explicitly:

"I believe the bug is caused by [X] because [evidence Y]."

Common hypotheses:

  • Off-by-one error
  • Async/await missing (uncaught promise)
  • Null/undefined not handled
  • Type coercion (== vs ===)
  • Race condition
  • Stale cache/state
Step 5: Verify (Don't Fix Yet)

Prove your hypothesis is correct BEFORE fixing:

typescript
// Add assertion to confirm hypothesis
console.assert(typeof userId === 'string', `userId is ${typeof userId}`);

If the hypothesis is wrong, go back to Step 3.

Step 6: Fix and Confirm
  1. Apply the minimal fix
  2. Run the reproduction test — it should now pass
  3. Run the full test suite — nothing should break
  4. Write a regression test if one didn't exist

Common Bug Patterns

Async bugs:

typescript
// BUG: forgot await
const user = getUser(id); // returns Promise, not User
user.name; // undefined
// FIX:
const user = await getUser(id);

Null propagation:

typescript
// BUG: assuming chain never null
const name = user.profile.address.city;
// FIX:
const name = user?.profile?.address?.city ?? 'Unknown';

Race condition:

typescript
// BUG: two async ops on same resource
await Promise.all([updateUser(id, {a: 1}), updateUser(id, {b: 2})]);
// One update overwrites the other
// FIX: serialize or use atomic DB operation
await db.user.update({ where: {id}, data: {a: 1, b: 2} });

Tools

bash
# Node.js debugging
node --inspect src/index.js
# Then open chrome://inspect
# Print full error stack
process.on('unhandledRejection', (reason) => {
console.error('Unhandled rejection:', reason);
});

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Source

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