saberongo/public-domain-books-translation/print-compatible-book-layout

印刷兼容书籍排版 / Print-Compatible Book Layout

Use this skill to design LifeBook EPUB pages that read well on screen and can later become PDF or physical books without redesigning the text structure. 使用本 skill 设计 LifeBook 电子书页面：当前适合 EPUB 阅读，未来也能平滑进入 PDF 或纸质书出版。

Boundary / 边界

• Keep this skill limited to book/page layout design; do not merge these rules into unrelated workflow skills.

本 skill 只负责书籍与页面排版设计；不要把这些规则混入无关的流水线 skill。

• Do not modify source, rights, translation, QA, or release workflow rules unless the user explicitly asks for that.

除非用户明确要求，不要修改来源、版权、翻译、QA 或发布流程规则。

Required Reading / 必读文件

• Read AGENTS.md before any repository task.

执行仓库任务前先读 AGENTS.md。

• Read template/epub_pipeline/common/preproduction/stage1/_TEMPLATE.production_spec.md before changing production layout policy.

修改制作规格或排版策略前，读取 template/epub_pipeline/common/preproduction/stage1/_TEMPLATE.production_spec.md。

• Read template/epub_pipeline/common/references/chapter_title_policy.md before designing titles or headings.

设计标题或标题层级前，读取 template/epub_pipeline/common/references/chapter_title_policy.md。

• Read template/epub_pipeline/common/references/book_info_frontmatter_policy.md before editing frontmatter or book-info pages.

编辑前置页或书籍信息页前，读取 template/epub_pipeline/common/references/book_info_frontmatter_policy.md。

• Read template/epub_pipeline/common/references/note_marker_policy.md before inserting, reviewing, or fixing note markers.

插入、审查或修复注号前，读取 template/epub_pipeline/common/references/note_marker_policy.md。

• Read template/epub_pipeline/common/references/epub_assets_figures_tables.md before changing figure, table, image, or CSS resource layout.

修改图、表、图片或 CSS 资源排版前，读取 template/epub_pipeline/common/references/epub_assets_figures_tables.md。

• Read template/epub_pipeline/common/references/bilingual_parallel_edition_policy.md before designing or reviewing bilingual parallel EPUB layout.

设计或审查双语对照 EPUB 排版前，读取 template/epub_pipeline/common/references/bilingual_parallel_edition_policy.md。

• For Simplified Chinese output, read template/epub_pipeline/targets/zh-Hans/quality_framework/references/title_punctuation_and_heading_style.md.

输出简体中文时，读取 template/epub_pipeline/targets/zh-Hans/quality_framework/references/title_punctuation_and_heading_style.md。

• Read references/research_basis.md only when revising this skill or when a decision needs external justification.

只有在修订本 skill 或需要外部依据时，才读取 references/research_basis.md。

Core Principle / 核心原则

• Design a book system, not an EPUB trick.

设计一本书的系统，不是设计 EPUB 小技巧。

• Make the page structure work as a printed book first: title, contents, body, notes, figures, tables, frontmatter, and backmatter must remain meaningful without links or scripts.

页面结构必须先像正式纸书一样成立：标题、目录、正文、注释、图表、前置页和后置页在没有链接或脚本时也要可读。

• Treat EPUB links, popups, and navigation as enhancements, not as the only carrier of meaning.

EPUB 链接、弹窗和导航只能作为增强，不能成为意义的唯一载体。

Layout Model / 排版模型

Record a book-level layout plan in preproduction/stage1/production_spec.md or a book-local layout note. 在 preproduction/stage1/production_spec.md 或书籍本地排版说明中记录全书排版计划。

layout_plan:
  output_mode: "reflowable_epub_first_print_compatible"
  writing_mode:
    primary: "horizontal-tb"
    vertical_variant: "none | planned_separate_build | required"
  body:
    paragraph_style: "first_line_indent"
    first_line_indent: "2em"
    line_height: "1.55-1.8"
    paragraph_spacing: "0"
  headings:
    title_map: "metadata/title_map.yaml or production_spec.md"
    max_visible_levels: 3
    nav_uses_short_titles: true
  notes:
    marker_style: "[1] | (1) | （1） | 注1"
    numbering_scope: "per_chapter | whole_book"
    placement: "chapter_end | book_end | footnote_style"
    vertical_policy: "tested | not_applicable | separate_build_required"
  figures_tables:
    mobile_first: true
    print_compatible_captions: true
  css_policy:
    no_locked_body_font: true
    relative_units: true
    no_epub_only_meaning: true

Page Design Rules / 页面设计规则

Reflowable EPUB and print compatibility / Reflowable EPUB 与纸书兼容

• Prefer reflowable EPUB for prose books; use fixed layout only when meaning depends on exact page geometry.

普通长文书优先使用 reflowable EPUB；只有内容意义依赖精确页面几何时才使用固定版式。

• Use semantic XHTML first and CSS second; do not choose headings, tables, lists, or notes purely for appearance.

先保证 XHTML 语义正确，再用 CSS 呈现；不要为了外观滥用标题、表格、列表或注释标签。

• Use relative units such as em, %, and unitless line-height; avoid fixed-pixel body layout.

正文排版优先使用 em、% 和无单位 line-height；避免固定像素正文版式。

• Preserve reader control of font, size, background, margins, and line spacing unless a specific element requires controlled rendering.

默认保留读者调整字体、字号、背景、页边距和行距的能力；只有特定元素确有必要时才限制。

• Ensure important information remains visible in PDF and paper if EPUB interactivity disappears.

确保 EPUB 交互消失后，重要信息在 PDF 和纸书中仍然可见。

Body text / 正文

• For Chinese long-form prose, default to first-line indent rather than web-style blank-line paragraphs.

中文长文正文默认使用段首缩进，而不是网页式段间空行。

• Do not combine first-line indent and large paragraph spacing for ordinary body paragraphs.

普通正文段落不要同时使用段首缩进和大段间距。

• Use about 2em first-line indent unless the book records a reason otherwise.

默认段首缩进约 2em；如有例外必须在书籍排版计划中记录理由。

• Use comfortable line height, normally 1.55-1.8 for Chinese EPUB body text.

中文 EPUB 正文行距通常使用 1.55-1.8，避免过密或过散。

• Do not hard-code body font-family by personal taste; let the reading system and user settings control fonts by default.

不要凭个人审美写死正文字体；默认让阅读器和用户设置接管字体。

• Do not embed full Chinese fonts; subset and document license, size, and reason if a special font is necessary.

不要嵌入完整中文字体；确需特殊字体时，必须子集化并记录授权、体积和理由。

• Avoid decorative body treatments such as letter spacing, forced justification hacks, continuous bold emphasis, excessive centering, or all-caps source residue.

避免正文装饰化：字距拉开、强行两端对齐 hack、连续粗体、过度居中或残留原文全大写。

Paragraph and section rhythm / 段落与章节节奏

• Decide intentionally whether the first paragraph after a heading, scene break, table, figure, or block quote should be indented.

标题、场景分隔、表格、图片或引文后的首段是否缩进，要有统一策略。

• Use indentation for ordinary prose; use spacing and hierarchy for frontmatter, notes, lists, reference matter, and special forms.

普通叙事正文用缩进组织段落；前置页、注释、列表、参考资料和特殊体裁可用间距与层级组织。

• Use a real section-break marker for scene breaks; do not preserve random hyphens, asterisks, or old print ornaments.

场景分隔应使用正式分隔符；不要保留随机横线、星号串或旧书装饰符。

• Do not preserve OCR line breaks as paragraph breaks; paragraphs must follow meaning, not scan line width.

不要把 OCR 行断当成段落；段落应按语义划分，而不是按扫描版行宽划分。

• Remove running heads, page numbers, printed TOC page lists, and image page lists from body text.

正文中必须移除页眉、页码、纸书目录页码和插图页码清单。

Titles and headings / 标题与标题层级

• Design the hierarchy, not the source punctuation.

设计标题层级，不机械复制原文标点。

• Keep semantic structure consistent: book title > part title > chapter title > section title > subsection title > run-in heading.

保持语义层级一致：书名 > 部/篇名 > 章名 > 节名 > 小节名 > 段内小标题。

• Do not let a subtitle or lower-level heading visually outrank its parent.

副标题或下级标题的字号、字重和视觉强度不得超过上一级标题。

• Keep EPUB nav.xhtml concise; use short navigation titles rather than printed-TOC title chains.

EPUB nav.xhtml 使用短目录题名，不使用纸书目录式长标题链。

• A Chinese title should normally contain no more than one ——; convert long dash chains into main title, subtitle, or title note.

中文标题通常不超过一个 ——；长破折号链应拆成主标题、副标题或标题说明。

• Do not put source names, romanizations, or first-mention explanations into titles unless they are part of the title's meaning.

除非原名/罗马字本身是标题意义的一部分，不要把它们或首次出现说明塞进标题。

Traditional notes and markers / 传统注记与注号

• Use only project-approved visible note markers: [1], (1), fullwidth （1）, or 注1. In Chinese body text, fullwidth （1） is allowed as the natural typography equivalent of (1).

只使用项目批准的可见注号：[1]、(1)、全角 （1） 或 注1。中文正文中，全角 （1） 作为 (1) 的自然排版等价形式允许使用。

• Choose one marker family per book or per clearly defined section; do not mix [1], (1), （1）, and 注1 casually.

每本书或每个明确定义的部分只选一种注号体系；不要随意混用 [1]、(1)、（1） 和 注1。

• Do not use circled numbers, superscript-only note numbers, raw tiny 注 labels, raw 译注： labels, or bare trailing note digits.

不得使用带圈数字、纯上标数字注号、孤立小字“注”、裸 译注： 标签或尾随裸数字。

• Define numbering scope before production: restart per chapter, restart per part, or number through the whole book.

制作前先定义编号范围：每章重排、每篇重排，或全书连续编号。

• Use EPUB internal links only on the visible note marker; the marker must still be meaningful when printed.

EPUB 内链只增强可见注号；注号印出来后仍必须成立。

• Keep the marker compact and nonintrusive; notes must not visually dominate the sentence.

注号应短小、不打断阅读；注释标记不能压过正文句子。

• Every note marker must resolve to one note, and every note must have a marker unless it is explicitly an unreferenced editorial note.

每个注号必须对应一条注释；每条注释也必须有注号，除非明确标为未引用的编辑说明。

• Prefer chapter-end or book-end notes for dense translation notes; use footnote-style notes only when the reading flow benefits.

译注密集时优先使用章末注或书末注；只有确实改善阅读时才使用脚注式短注。

• Do not make every proper noun a visible note or link; annotate only when readers need context, translation rationale, or cultural background.

不要给每个人名地名都加注或链接；只在读者需要背景、译名理由或文化说明时加注。

• Keep glossary and index entries in backmatter; do not turn body text into a wiki-style network.

术语表和索引应放在后置页；不要把正文做成 wiki 式词条网络。

Vertical writing / 竖排排版

• Default to horizontal writing unless the book, target market, or user request clearly requires vertical layout.

默认使用横排；只有书籍体裁、目标市场或用户明确要求时才做竖排。

• Treat vertical writing as a separate layout decision, not as a quick CSS toggle.

竖排是独立版式决策，不是简单加一条 CSS 就完成。

• If vertical EPUB is required, record a separate vertical_policy and test actual reading systems; support varies.

如需竖排 EPUB，必须记录独立 vertical_policy 并实测阅读器；不同阅读器支持差异较大。

• Use CSS such as writing-mode: vertical-rl and text-orientation only after checking punctuation, Latin text, numbers, note markers, tables, and figures.

只有检查标点、西文、数字、注号、表格和图像后，才使用 writing-mode: vertical-rl、text-orientation 等 CSS。

• Avoid bracket-heavy note markers like [123] in vertical body text if they rotate or disturb rhythm; use a tested project-approved form such as （123） or 注123 instead.

竖排正文中，如果 [123] 这类方括号注号旋转或破坏节奏，应改用实测可读的项目批准形式，例如 （123） 或 注123。

• Keep horizontal alphanumerics, formulae, URLs, code, and wide tables out of vertical body flow when possible; move them to notes, tables, figures, or horizontal blocks.

尽量不要把横排西文数字、公式、URL、代码和宽表硬塞进竖排正文；可移至注释、表格、图像或横排块。

• Build vertical PDF/print separately when necessary; do not force one EPUB CSS file to satisfy both horizontal and vertical editions without testing.

必要时为竖排 PDF/纸书单独构建；不要未经测试就强迫一个 EPUB CSS 同时承担横排和竖排版本。

Tables and figures / 图表

• Do not turn structured tables into images unless preserving an original scan is the point.

除非目的就是保留原始影印，否则不要把结构化表格做成图片。

• Split very wide tables for mobile EPUB and future print; prefer several readable tables over one unreadable table.

面向手机 EPUB 和未来纸书时，应拆分过宽表格；多个可读小表优于一个不可读大表。

• Provide every figure with a caption and useful alt text; complex figures need a longer explanation in body text, caption, or note.

每张图必须有图注和有效 alt text；复杂图还需要正文、图注或注释中的较长说明。

• Make captions print-compatible: they must identify the figure/table even if EPUB links or hover behavior disappear.

图注/表注必须纸书兼容：即使 EPUB 链接或 hover 消失，也能识别图表。

• Keep production audit columns, OCR status, and QA metadata out of reader-facing tables.

生产审计列、OCR 状态和 QA metadata 不得进入读者可见表格。

Frontmatter and backmatter / 前置页与后置页